How to Winterize an RV in 8 Easy Steps for Optimal Protection

Winterizing an RV is crucial for protecting it during the cold winter months. This process ensures that the vehicle remains in good condition by removing all water from the plumbing system.

If water is not drained, it can freeze and cause significant damage to pipes and fixtures. Proper winterization prepares the RV for storage, minimizing the risk of costly repairs that can arise from neglect.

Understanding how to winterize an RV involves several key steps. These include draining all water, adding RV antifreeze, shutting off essential components, and cleaning the vehicle. This guide will provide a comprehensive, step-by-step approach to help RV owners secure their vehicles for the winter.

Preparing an RV for Winter

Winterizing an RV is vital for protecting its plumbing and ensuring it remains in good condition during cold months. This process involves removing all water from the RV’s plumbing system. If water is left inside, it can freeze and cause damage to pipes, tanks, and fixtures.

The winterization steps may differ based on the RV type. Some RVs have simple water lines, while others feature complex plumbing with multiple valves and tanks. To effectively winterize an RV, the following steps should be followed:

• Drain all water from the system.
• Open low-point drains to ensure no water remains.
• Use antifreeze in critical areas like sinks, toilets, and other fixtures.

By taking these actions, RV owners can prevent costly repairs and prepare their unit for future travel once the warmer months return.

Assemble Tools for Winterizing Your RV

Before starting the winterization of an RV, it’s important to collect all necessary tools for an efficient process. Having the right equipment on hand can make the task easier and ensure no steps are missed.

Essential Tools:

• RV Antifreeze: Non-toxic antifreeze is a must for filling the RV’s water system. It helps protect the plumbing from freezing temperatures.
• Air Compressor: This tool blows out any remaining water from the RV’s water lines. A compressor with at least 30 PSI is recommended for effective results.
• Blowout Plug: Connected to the RV’s city water inlet, this plug is essential for blowing out water lines during winterization.
• Water Pump Conversion Kit: This kit is used to circulate antifreeze throughout the water system, ensuring every part is protected against freezing.
• Water Heater Bypass Kit: Installing this kit allows the water heater to be bypassed, saving antifreeze and preventing it from entering the heater.
• Hand Pump: This device is useful for manually introducing antifreeze into the water system if needed.
• Screwdriver: A screwdriver is required to remove the drain plug from the water heater for draining purposes.
• Flashlight: A flashlight is handy for inspecting the water system to ensure everything is in order.
• Cordless Power Drill: It is helpful for removing the anode rod from the water heater, which is an important step in the process.
• Wrenches and Needle Nose Pliers: These tools assist in disconnecting any necessary fittings and connections during the winterization steps.

It is crucial to ensure all tools are in proper working condition before starting. If any item is damaged or malfunctioning, it’s advisable to replace it to avoid any complications during winterization.

Step 1: Drain All Water From Your RV

Before winterizing an RV, it is crucial to remove all water from its system. This includes draining the fresh water tank, holding tanks, and water lines. Follow these steps to ensure complete drainage.

Remove All Water Filters

To initiate the winterization process, it is necessary to take out or bypass all water filters. Antifreeze can damage the filters, so they should be removed before antifreeze is run through the system.

1. Turn Off the Water Supply: Make sure the water supply is completely shut off.
2. Unscrew the Filter Canister: Gently turn the filter canister counterclockwise to remove it.
3. Empty the Filter: Dispose of any water stored in the filter and discard the filter element.
4. Check for Multiple Filters: Look for other filters in your RV and remove them as well if present.
5. Bypass Built-in Filtration Systems: If the RV has a built-in water filter, locate the bypass valve and adjust it to prevent water from being filtered.

If there is a water softener in the RV, it should also be bypassed or removed to avoid damage from antifreeze exposure.

Drain and Flush Your Gray and Black Water Tanks

Draining and flushing both gray and black water tanks is essential to avoid bacteria growth and freeze damage.

1. Locate Drain Valves: Find the drain valves for both tanks, usually situated under the RV.
2. Drain the Black Water Tank First: Open the black water tank valve, allowing the contents to exit.
3. Follow with the Gray Water Tank: After the black tank is completely drained, open the gray water tank valve to allow it to drain.
4. Flush the Tanks: Use a specialized tank-cleaning tool or a garden hose with a sprayer attachment. Connect it to the flush inlet and run water until it flows clear.
5. Add Tank Cleaner: It’s recommended to add a deodorizer or tank cleaner to the black water tank once drained.
6. Seal Drain Valves: Close both tanks’ drain valves after ensuring everything is emptied.
7. Dispose of Waste Responsibly: Dispose of the wastewater at a dump station. Research local stations to confirm they are open during winter.

Drain and Flush Your RV Water Heater

Draining and flushing the water heater helps prevent freezing and potential damage.

1. Power Off the Water Heater: Turn off the water heater and let it cool for at least one hour.
2. Access the Drain Valve: Find the drain valve at the bottom of the water heater tank.
3. Attach a Hose: Connect a hose to the drain valve and direct it to a safe drainage area.
4. Drain the Water: Open the valve to drain all water from the heater.
5. Flush with Water: Use a wand attachment to flush out any sediment. This cleaning also allows an inspection of the anode rod for corrosion.
6. Leave Drain Plug Open: Keep the drain plug open during storage to ensure that no water can freeze and cause cracks.

Step	Instructions
1	Turn off the water heater and allow it to cool for at least an hour.
2	Locate the drain valve and attach a hose.
3	Run the hose to a safe drainage area.
4	Open the valve and drain the water.
5	Flush the tank to remove sediment.
6	Check the anode rod and replace if necessary.
7	Keep the drain plug open during storage.

Bypass Your RV Water Heater

Bypassing the water heater is a vital step to keep it safe during winter storage. It prevents water from entering the heater, thereby reducing the risk of freeze damage.

1. Find the Bypass Valve: Look for the water heater bypass valve typically located near the water pump or at the rear of the water heater.
2. Turn the Valve to Bypass Position: Adjust the valve to the “on” or “winterize” position to reroute water.
3. Drain the Water Heater Tank: Open the pressure relief valve and remove the drain plug to release water.
4. Secure the Setup: Close the pressure relief valve and replace the drain plug.
5. Adjust the Valve: If the RV is to be used again, return the bypass valve to its original position.

If the dry method was used to clear water lines, it’s still a good practice to bypass the water heater to ensure complete drainage.

Drain The Fresh Water Tank

Properly draining the fresh water tank is essential in winterizing the RV.

1. Switch Off the Water Pump: Make sure the water pump is turned off, and disconnect the city water supply.
2. Locate Drain Valve: Find the fresh water tank’s drain valve, usually located at the bottom of the tank.
3. Open the Valve: Open the drain valve to allow all the water to flow out completely.
4. Direct Water Away: Use a hose to guide the draining water away from the RV, ensuring it does not cause any damage to the surroundings.

Empty The Low Point Drain

The low point drains are a key component in draining the RV’s water system.

1. Identify Low Point Drains: Locate the low point drains often found along the water lines beneath the RV.
2. Open Both Drains: Open the low-point drains to allow any remaining water in the water lines to escape.
3. Ensure All Drains are Clear: Check to see that all water has visibly drained from these low points.

Following these steps will ensure that the RV’s water system is free of water, reducing the risk of damage from freezing temperatures during winter months. Proper preparation at this stage will significantly ease the transition into the winterization process.

Step 2: Introduce RV Antifreeze

To safeguard the plumbing system of an RV during the cold winter months, adding RV antifreeze is essential. This process involves circulating the antifreeze through the water lines, plumbing system, and water heater. This ensures any remaining water is displaced by antifreeze, thereby preventing freezing and potential damage.

RV antifreeze is usually a distinctive pink color, making it easy to spot compared to standard antifreeze. Using RV-specific antifreeze is crucial because traditional antifreeze can be harmful to both humans and pets.

Before starting the antifreeze process, it’s important to turn off the water pump and drain all the water from the plumbing system. To properly apply RV antifreeze, follow these steps:

1. Pour RV antifreeze into the fresh water tank. The exact amount needed will vary based on the size of the RV and its plumbing layout. Always check the manufacturer’s guidelines for specifics.
2. Activate the water pump and open each faucet, one at a time, until pink antifreeze streams out. This includes hot and cold water faucets, as well as the shower and toilet.
3. After antifreeze comes out, turn off the faucet and proceed to the next one. Continue this until every faucet is properly flushed.
4. To protect the water heater, run it until antifreeze flows from the hot water faucet.
5. If the RV features a siphon hose for the water heater, insert it into the antifreeze container to ensure the heater is fully filled.

By completing these steps, the RV plumbing will be ready to endure the winter season.

Step 3: Open External Valves and Faucets on Your RV

To successfully winterize the RV, it is vital to open all external valves and faucets. This process helps drain the water from the plumbing system, reducing the risk of freeze damage.

Here are the steps to follow:

1. Turn Off the Water Pump: Start by ensuring the water pump is turned off. Disconnect any hoses or other water sources connected to the RV.
2. Open Faucets: Open all hot and cold water faucets inside the RV, including kitchen taps, bathroom sinks, and any outdoor showers. This allows the remaining water to flow and drain out completely.
3. Flush the Toilet: Flush the toilet to eliminate any leftover water from both the bowl and the tank. This step prevents any stagnant water from freezing.
4. Open Low Point Drain Valves: Locate and open the low point drain valves. These valves are designed to release the last bit of water from the system.

Keep in mind that some RVs may have extra external valves, such as those for an outdoor kitchen or a black tank flush system. It is wise to check the owner’s manual for details specific to the RV model.

After ensuring all external valves and faucets are open, the following task will be to drain the water heater. This can be done by removing the drain plug and opening the pressure relief valve, which will help avoid freeze damage.

Step 4: Open Your RV’s Internal Valves and Faucets

To avoid any leftover water from freezing and harming the plumbing system in an RV during winter, all internal valves and faucets must be opened. This process allows any remaining water to exit the pipes, preventing damage.

First, the RV’s water pump should be turned off, and the city water supply must be disconnected. Then, all faucets, including both hot and cold taps and the showerhead, should be opened. This action helps to relieve pressure in the plumbing and assists in draining the water out.

Don’t forget to flush the toilet and open any outside showers or sinks if the RV includes these features. It’s crucial to ensure that every part of the plumbing system is free of water.

To maximize water drainage, start from the highest point in the RV and proceed to the lowest. This way, gravity can assist in pulling out every last drop of water.

Once every faucet and valve is open, they should remain that way until the entire winterization process is finished. This step guarantees that all water has cleared from the pipes, eliminating the risk of winter damage.

Step 5: Add Antifreeze to the Drains and P-Traps

To avoid any leftover water in the RV’s plumbing from freezing, it is essential to add antifreeze to the drains and P-traps. This step protects the plumbing from damage due to ice expansion.

1. Ensure all faucets are closed, and the water pump is switched off.
2. Pour antifreeze into each drain, including those in sinks, the shower, and the toilet. It’s important to use enough to completely fill the P-traps.
3. After pouring in the antifreeze, flush the toilet multiple times. This action helps distribute the antifreeze throughout the plumbing system.
4. Finish by putting a small amount of antifreeze into the toilet bowl and flushing it one last time.

Taking these steps will safeguard the RV’s plumbing during freezing temperatures.

Step 6: Shut Off All Faucets and Valves

After draining the water from the RV’s plumbing, it is crucial to close all faucets and valves. This step prevents any additional water from entering the system, which could freeze and damage the pipes.

1. Close All Interior Faucets:
   • Make sure to turn off every faucet, including those for hot and cold water.
2. Secure Exterior Faucets:
   • If the RV has outside taps or a shower, these should also be closed.
3. Turn Off Low Point Drains:
   • Check and close any low point drains that were opened during the draining process.
4. Water Pump:
   • If the RV is equipped with a water pump, turn it off and ensure its bypass valve is closed.
5. Drain Valves:
   • Don’t forget to shut the fresh water tank drain valve and the water heater drain valve.

Once all these faucets and valves are tightly shut, the water pump can be turned on to pressurize the system. It is advisable to inspect for any leaks or drips and make repairs as needed. Completing this step safeguards the plumbing from potential freezing damage.

Step 7: Switch Off the Hot Water Heater

To safeguard the hot water heater from damage during winter storage, it’s essential to switch off its heating element. This step also helps save energy, as it prevents unnecessary heating of water that won’t be used.

Here’s how to turn off the hot water heater:

1. Locate the Water Heater: The hot water tank is usually found in a cabinet or a compartment on the outside of the RV.
2. Disconnect Power: Turn off the power supply to the hot water heater. This can be achieved by either unplugging the RV from shore power or switching off the circuit breaker that controls the hot water heater.
3. Let It Cool: Allow the hot water tank to cool down completely before moving on with the winterization tasks.

Important: Do not turn the hot water heater back on until the RV is ready for use again in the spring. Ignoring this can lead to damage of the heating element and other parts of the water heater.

By following these steps, RV owners can effectively protect their hot water system during the cold months while avoiding wasted energy.

Step 8: Take Out All Food From Your RV

Removing all food from the RV is a vital part of preparing for winter. This helps to stop food from going bad, keeps pests like mice away, and reduces unpleasant smells in the vehicle.

Begin by emptying out non-perishable items first. This includes canned goods, pasta, and snacks. These can be stored safely in a pantry at home. Next, deal with any perishable items. Fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meats should either be consumed before winterizing or thrown away to avoid spoilage.

Don’t forget about opened containers. Condiments, spices, and cooking oils can attract pests if left behind. It’s best to either store them in airtight containers in the home or dispose of them.

Cleaning the RV is also essential before storing it. Wipe down surfaces, and ensure the refrigerator and freezer are spotless. Removing crumbs and debris will significantly decrease the chances of pests and bad odors developing.

By thoroughly removing food and cleaning, the RV will stay in better condition throughout the winter months, ensuring it’s ready for use when the warmer weather returns.

Protecting the RV Appliances

Refrigerator

To ensure the RV refrigerator is safe during winter, it should first be turned off and unplugged. All food items must be removed, and the interior should be cleaned thoroughly. Leaving the doors ajar helps promote air flow and prevents mildew from forming. Using a door prop can help keep it slightly open.

Washing Machine

Securing the washing machine involves several steps. Start by turning off the water supply and disconnecting the hoses. Any leftover water from both the hoses and the drum should be drained completely. Keeping the door open is essential to allow air to circulate and to avoid mildew growth inside.

Ice Maker

For RVs equipped with an ice maker, begin by turning off the unit and unplugging it. Ensure all water is drained from the lines and the ice maker itself. As with other appliances, the door should be left open for proper ventilation.

Exhaust Pipe

To prevent pests from entering through the exhaust pipe, it is crucial to cover it securely. A wire mesh or similar material can be used to block the opening. This measure protects the RV from unwanted visitors during the colder months.

Power

Disconnecting from external power sources is important for electrical safety. This includes unplugging from shore power and switching off the generator. These precautions help to avoid damage that could be caused by power surges or lightning.

Propane

For RVs using propane, it is necessary to turn off the propane tanks and disconnect any lines. This step helps to eliminate the risk of gas leaks and potential fire hazards during winter storage.

Disconnect Any Batteries, Propane Tanks, and Solar Panels

Before preparing an RV for winter, it is essential to disconnect batteries, propane tanks, and solar panels to avoid damage during the colder months.

1. Batteries: Start by switching off the main power. This action helps prevent any electrical drain on the batteries, extending their lifespan. It is best practice to remove the batteries from the RV and store them in a cool, dry location.
2. Propane Tanks: Next, turn off the valve on each propane tank. Carefully remove the tanks from the RV to eliminate any risk of leaks or accidents. Like the batteries, propane tanks should also be stored in a cool, dry area, away from heat sources.
3. Solar Panels: Finally, disconnect the solar panels by turning off the disconnect switch. This precaution stops any electrical flow and guards against possible damage. It is wise to cover the solar panels with a protective cover to shield them from debris or snow buildup.

Taking these steps ensures that the RV remains safe and well-maintained during its winter hibernation.

Protecting the RV Exterior

Wash the Outside

A thorough cleaning of the RV’s exterior is a vital first step before winter storage. This process helps eliminate dirt, grime, and other materials that could harm the finish. It’s advisable to use a cleaner that’s suitable for the RV’s surface and ensure that substances like pine sap are completely removed to avoid long-term damage.

Use an RV Cover

To shield the RV from harsh weather, covering it with a high-quality RV cover is a recommended strategy. These covers are designed to endure different weather conditions and minimize the risk of damage from rain, snow, and harmful UV rays. Investing in a reliable cover can make a significant difference in the RV’s condition.

Benefits of Using a Cover:

• Protects from moisture and ice
• Shields against UV damage
• Reduces dirt and debris buildup

Safeguard the Tires

During winter, tires are at risk and need special attention. Ensuring they are fully inflated helps maintain their shape. Additionally, using tire covers can prevent cracking and deterioration due to freezing temperatures and sunlight exposure.

Shield the Leveling Jacks

Leveling jacks also require protection from winter weather. Using protective covers can keep them safe from moisture and ice buildup. This small step helps avoid corrosion and ensures they function properly when it’s time to hit the road again.

Guard the Exhaust Pipe

The exhaust pipe should not be overlooked when preparing for winter. Moisture and debris can lead to damage if left unprotected. It’s wise to use exhaust pipe covers or other protective means. This keeps the exhaust system functioning well and prevents blockages caused by ice or debris.

By following these tips, RV owners can help maintain the exterior condition throughout the winter months, ensuring the RV is ready when warmer weather returns.

Secure the Parking Brake and Utilize Wheel Chocks

When preparing an RV for winter, it is crucial to ensure that the vehicle remains stationary. Implementing the parking brake and wheel chocks plays a key role in achieving this. These measures are essential, especially when parked on slopes or uneven surfaces.

Wheel chocks should be placed firmly against the tires. It’s best to position them on both sides of the RV. This simple action helps prevent any unintended movement during the winterization steps. Combining wheel chocks with the parking brake enhances stability.

Setting the parking brake is another vital safety measure. Engaging it properly is necessary to keep the RV from rolling. It is essential to check that the brake holds the vehicle securely in place.

In RVs equipped with a hydraulic brake system, following the manufacturer’s guidelines for engaging the brake is important. For those with an air brake system, the procedure for setting the brake differs. Owners should consult the RV owner’s manual for specific instructions related to their model.

By taking these precautions, it’s easier to focus on winterization tasks without worrying about the stability of the RV.

Potential Issues and Solutions

Cracked or Burst Pipes

RV owners often face the issue of cracked or burst pipes during winter. This occurs when water inside the pipes freezes and expands, leading to damage. To avoid this, it is critical to completely drain the plumbing system. Adding antifreeze can provide additional protection against freezing, ensuring all remaining water is safeguarded.

Ice Blockages in Pipes

Another concern is ice blockages in the plumbing system. If any water remains in the pipes after draining, it can freeze, leading to potential ruptures. To mitigate this risk, make sure to thoroughly drain all water and use antifreeze in the plumbing system. Inspecting drains and low points for lingering water is essential to prevent ice-related issues.

Mold and Dampness Issues

Mold and dampness can develop in an RV not properly prepared for winter. If moisture accumulates, it creates a prime environment for mold growth. RV owners should ensure that all water is eliminated and antifreeze is used. In addition, maintaining good ventilation within the RV helps reduce moisture buildup and keep the interior safe from mold.

Infestation by Rodents and Insects

Rodents and insects can pose a serious threat during winter if the RV is not securely sealed. Openings can allow pests to enter, making it important to check for cracks and gaps. Sealing all potential entry points is essential. Furthermore, removing food supplies can deter pests from making the RV their home.

Bacteria Growth and Sediment Buildup

If winterization is neglected, bacteria and sediment can accumulate in the RV’s plumbing system. This not only affects the water quality but may also lead to plumbing issues. To combat this, ensure to fully drain the plumbing lines and introduce antifreeze. Flushing the system before winterizing will effectively remove sediments and bacteria, promoting hygiene and safety during the cold months.

By taking these proactive measures, RV owners can avoid several common winterization problems and maintain their vehicles in good condition.

Cost of Preparing an RV for Winter

To protect an RV from winter damage, winterization is crucial. Owners have the option to hire professionals or handle the task themselves, impacting the overall cost.

DIY Winterization

For those opting to winterize their RVs independently, costs typically range from $30 to $100. This mainly covers the price of RV-specific antifreeze, which is different from standard automotive antifreeze. Choosing the right type is essential for proper protection.

Professional Services

Hiring a professional generally costs between $130 and $170. The price may vary based on the size and class of the RV. Although this service can seem costly, it might save money in the long run by preventing potential repairs due to winter damage.

Recurring Expense

Winterization isn’t a one-time expense. Owners need to budget for this process annually before the cold months hit. The cost of winterizing can often be justified, as avoiding the expenses linked to repairs due to freezing pipes or other damage can be substantial.

In addition to these costs, it’s advisable for RV owners to consult their owner’s manual. It may provide specific instructions and recommendations for winterization tailored to the RV model, ensuring maximum protection during winter storage.