How to Winterize an RV: Essential Steps for Cold Weather Preparedness

Winterizing an RV is a crucial step for anyone using a trailer, camper, or motorhome. This process can often seem daunting, whether one is a seasoned traveler or just starting out. With the right guidance, it becomes much easier to prepare an RV for colder months and protect it from potential damage.

This article offers a detailed guide to winterizing an RV, covering essential tools and tips gained from years of experience. Readers will discover the best practices to ensure their travel trailers and motorhomes are ready to withstand winter conditions, making the process smoother and less overwhelming.

Table of Contents

Collecting Materials for Camper Winterization

Preparing for winterization requires some key supplies to keep an RV’s plumbing system safe from freezing temperatures. Here’s a handy list of what to gather:

Non-Toxic Antifreeze: It’s essential for protecting the water system from cold weather. A medium-sized RV typically needs about 2 to 3 gallons of non-toxic RV antifreeze, which can be purchased at RV stores or online.
Water Pump Converter Kit: This tool connects the RV’s water pump to the antifreeze jug, allowing for easy pumping of antifreeze into the system.
Tools: Basic tools such as wrenches, screwdrivers, a bucket, and towels are necessary. These items will help in disconnecting hoses and managing spills along the way.
Bypass Valve or Kit: This component prevents antifreeze from entering the hot water tank. Some RVs come with a bypass valve already installed, but others might need this part added during winterization.
Caps or Plugs: Caps or plugs are crucial for sealing the drains on tanks and water heaters. They ensure that antifreeze stays inside the system and does not leak out.

Having all these materials on hand makes the winterization process smoother and more efficient. Once these supplies are gathered, it’s time to start the winterizing procedure.

The Process: Step-by-Step Winterizing Checklist

Step 1: Disconnect External Sources – Water, Batteries, Propane, and Solar Panels

The initial step in winterizing an RV involves disconnecting all external resources. First, the water supply needs to be turned off, and the hose should be detached from the city water connection. To ensure there is no water trapped inside, he should shake the hose before storing it in a dry location.

Next, it’s crucial to remove the batteries from their compartment. After disconnecting them, clean the battery terminals using a mixture of baking soda and water to remove any corrosion. Applying petroleum jelly to the terminals can provide extra protection against future corrosion. The batteries should be kept in a cool, dry place.

Then, attention turns to the propane system. After turning off the propane tanks, he must disconnect the hoses from the regulators. To protect the regulators, it’s smart to cover them with plastic bags secured by rubber bands. The propane tanks need to be stored away from heat sources in a well-ventilated area.

Lastly, the solar panels should be disconnected from the charge controller. They should be carefully removed from the roof, cleaned with a soft cloth, and stored in a dry location to ensure their longevity.

Step 2: Clean, Inspect, and Prep Interior and Exterior of the RV

The next phase involves thoroughly cleaning and prepping both the interior and exterior of the RV.

Interior: It’s important to remove any food, trash, or stains to avoid attracting pests or getting mold during the storage period. He must clean all surfaces, including the kitchen, living areas, and bathrooms. The refrigerator and freezer should be emptied and cleaned thoroughly, ensuring the doors are left open to prevent mold growth.

Exterior: For the outside, a full wash followed by waxing will protect the RV’s finish. He needs to inspect the exterior for any cracks or damages. If any issues are found, they should be repaired with appropriate sealant or tape. Finally, covering the RV with a breathable tarp and ensuring the doors and windows are locked will safeguard it during storage.

Step 3: Remove and Bypass Inline Water Filters

This step focuses on the removal and bypassing of inline water filters to avoid freeze damage. He should locate the water supply lines, typically found near the water pump, under the sink, or behind the toilet.

After shutting off the water supply and opening a faucet to relieve pressure, he can gently unscrew the filter housing and remove the cartridge with care to avoid damage. If he plans to reuse the cartridge, it should be cleaned and stored in an airtight bag inside a freezer.

The next move is to bypass the water filter. This can be done with a bypass kit or a simple tube connecting the two ends of the water line. Securing this with clamps or tape will ensure a tight fit.

Step 4: Drain and Flush the Black, Gray, and Fresh Water Tanks

Draining and flushing all water tanks is essential to keep them safe through the winter months. He needs to locate the hoses and valves, typically found under the RV, near the bumper, or in a storage compartment.

Wearing gloves and goggles, he should prepare a bucket under the valves. Starting with the black water tank, he opens the valve to let it fully drain before closing it. The same process is applied to the gray water tank and the fresh water tank.

To ensure cleanliness, fresh water should then flush through each tank until the water appearing from the discharge is clear. Finally, a small amount of water (about a quarter-gallon) should remain in each tank to prevent cracking from freezing temperatures. Optional sanitizing agents like bleach or vinegar can be added for extra safety.

Step 5: Drain Water Heater

Locating and draining the water heater is the next component. It can often be found near the burner or hidden behind a panel. To relieve any pressure, he should open a hot water faucet before proceeding.

While carefully removing the drain plug using a wrench or screwdriver, he must let all the water run out. Flushing the water heater with a hose until it runs clear will remove any sediment or debris. Descaling agents can also be used for thorough cleaning.

Step 6: Drain Water Lines

Now, the focus shifts to draining the water lines. He will need to find the low-point drains that are situated at the lowest points in the RV’s plumbing system, often under the sink or near the water pump.

Opening all faucets throughout the RV will allow air into the system, facilitating complete drainage. After this, any low-point drains should also be opened to ensure no water is left.

For those tricky areas, using compressed air is highly effective. An air compressor connected to the city water inlet, set to about 30 psi, will help expel water from stubborn lines. He should listen for hissing sounds, indicating that the water is clearing out, but should keep the faucets open for the next step.

Step 7: Open All Faucets and Remove All Drain Plugs

With all major water systems taken care of, the next task is to ensure every faucet is opened, and all drain plugs are removed. Storing these plugs in a dry, airtight bag will prevent loss and keep everything organized.

Step 8: Close All Faucets and Cap All Drains Once Water Has Drained

After confirming all water has drained, he can close each faucet and securely cap all drains using the original caps. Tightening these ensures that any unexpected weather or debris will not affect the plumbing system.

Step 9: Bypass the Water Heater

Bypassing the hot water heater is another critical step in winterizing. This prevents antifreeze from entering the heater, which saves valuable antifreeze and protects the unit from potential damage. He will need to locate the water heater bypass valve and turn it to the bypass position.

Step 10: Install Water Pump Converter Kit and Turn on Water Pump

Installing a water pump converter kit allows for the introduction of antifreeze into the system. Once the kit is in place, he should turn on the water pump to help facilitate the flow of antifreeze through the pipes.

Step 11: Connect the System to Antifreeze and Turn on the Faucets

He needs to connect the antifreeze container to the system, ensuring that it is secure. After that, he can start turning on the faucets, allowing the antifreeze to flow through until it appears in each tap.

Step 12: Flush Toilet Until You See Antifreeze

Next, he must flush the toilet to make sure antifreeze has passed through. This ensures that the toilet’s plumbing is protected just like the rest of the RV’s systems.

Step 13: Pour a Cup of Antifreeze Down Each Sink’s Drain and into the Toilet

To further ensure protections against freezing, he should pour a cup of antifreeze into each sink’s drain as well as the toilet bowl. This step will help to safeguard these areas from freezing during the cold months.

Step 14: Turn off Water Pump and Add More Antifreeze

Once everything is treated with antifreeze, he should turn off the water pump. Adding a bit more antifreeze into the water system will give an extra layer of protection during freezing weather.

Step 15: Re-Check Water Heater

After all previous steps are completed, it’s necessary to revisit the water heater to ensure everything is properly bypassed and there’s no antifreeze in the heater. This step is crucial for preventing future damage.

Step 16: Close All Faucets and Ensure Pipes Are Protected from Freezing or Heating

All faucets must be closed tightly, making sure that every pipe is adequately sealed to protect against any temperature fluctuations that might lead to damage.

Step 17: Store Your RV or Travel Trailer Properly

Before leaving the RV in storage, ensure it is parked in a sheltered area if possible. Use wheel chocks to secure the vehicle, and cover it with a breathable tarp.

Step 18: Consult Your Owner’s Manual for Information Regarding Your Ice Maker and/or Washing Machine

For those RVs equipped with additional features like ice makers or washing machines, check the owner’s manual for specific winterizing instructions. Following these guidance notes will help maintain the performance of these appliances during winter storage.

Choosing Between Open or Closed Faucets During Winterization

When preparing an RV for winter, the choice between leaving faucets open or closed is important. Open faucets promote air flow, reducing the chances of pressure forming in pipes. This method also means using less antifreeze, as there’s no need to fill the faucets completely. However, keeping faucets open can allow debris, dirt, and insects to enter the plumbing system, which may pose a risk in the spring.

On the other hand, closing faucets is a common practice. Although it requires more antifreeze, it helps keep the interior of the pipes clean. If the water has been cleared effectively, the risk of harmful pressure buildup is minimal. Closed faucets reduce the risk of leaks, making this option sanitary and safe.

For many, the peace of mind from keeping faucets closed outweighs the extra antifreeze cost. Those looking to save money might consider leaving faucets open, but they should be aware of the potential drawbacks. Making a decision depends on individual priorities and circumstances.

Additional Tips for First-Time Winterization

For those new to winterizing their RV, here are some essential tips to ensure everything goes smoothly.

Inspect for Leaks: Look for signs of moisture, mold, or rust, which can indicate leaks. Sealing any leaks with tape or sealant is crucial to avoid expensive repairs later.
Test the System: After adding antifreeze, check your water system. Turn on the water pump and open each faucet; only antifreeze should flow out.
Document the Process: Taking photos or videos while winterizing can serve as a helpful reference next year. Quick notes on your images will make it easier to remember the steps.
Protect Against Pests: Ensure that no food is left inside your RV to avoid attracting rodents or pests during storage.
Maintain Proper Levels: Use fuel stabilizer to prevent fuel degradation and check the tires for proper inflation to avoid damage from freezing temperatures.

By taking these extra precautions, one can make the winterization process more effective and less stressful.

Prepare Your RV or Camper for Winter with Confidence

Winterizing an RV can feel overwhelming, especially for those doing it for the first time. It may seem long and complicated, but with practice, the process becomes much simpler. Don’t let fear hold you back—gather the necessary supplies and dive in. Starting with the first step will lead naturally to the next.

Tips for successful winterizing:

Ask for Help: Fellow RVers at the campground can offer invaluable advice and support.
Look for Resources: Utilize guides and checklists available online for detailed instructions.
Stay Organized: Keep track of what has been completed to avoid missing any crucial steps.

With your RV properly winterized, it’s an excellent opportunity to plan exciting winter adventures, like skiing trips. Embrace the winter season with confidence!